Building a STEM peer mentor program with students as partners
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15173/ijsap.v10i2.6921Keywords:
Peer Mentoring, undergraduate biology education, First-generation students, Staff-Student Partnership, science education, STEM, power relationships, student workersAbstract
We analyze a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) peer mentor program using the students-as-partners (SaP) propositions proposed by Matthews (2017). The data consists of student worker testimonials and documented experiences, staff experiences with the program, and surveys. While the partnership with student workers in the program aligns with most of the five tenets, “uncertain outcomes” and “partnership for transformation” are only partially implemented as defined by Matthews. The program successfully meets its stated outcome, and the partnership with student workers is instrumental in achieving it. Additionally, the student workers benefit from working in a less hierarchical relationship. We propose that SaP is a helpful approach to analyze the role of student workers as it allows for understanding how students may develop in said less hierarchical working relationship and for evaluating the strengths and shortcomings of specific implementations. Future studies applying a similar approach could move the field towards a more unified theoretical framework. It will be important to establish which tenets are central, what benefits students receive under which conditions, and how to apply the approach in different contexts.
Downloads
References
Asempapa, R., Morales, A., & Agili, S. (2021). A quantitative analysis of a customized peer mentoring program with STEM underrepresented students. Journal of Research in STEM Education, 7(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.51355/jstem.2021.94
Chemers, M. M., Zurbriggen, E. L., Syed, M., Goza, B. K., & Bearman, S. (2011). The role of efficacy and identity in science career commitment among underrepresented minority students. Journal of Social Issues, 67(3), 469–491. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2011.01710.x
Cook-Sather, A., Bovill, C., & Felten, P. (2014). Engaging students as partners in learning and teaching: A guide for faculty. Jossey-Bass.
Crisp, G., & Cruz, I. (2009). Mentoring college students: A critical review of the literature between 1990 and 2007. Research in Higher Education, 50(6), 525–545. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-009-9130-2
Estrada, M., Hernandez, P. R., & Schultz, P. W. (2018). A longitudinal study of how quality mentorship and research experience integrate underrepresented minorities into STEM careers. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 17(1), ar9. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.17-04-0066
Estrada, M., Woodcock, A., Hernandez, P. R., & Schultz, P. W. (2011). Toward a model of social influence that explains minority student integration into the scientific community. Journal of Educational Psychology, 103(1), 206–222. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020743
Gopalan, M., & Brady, S. T. (2020). College students' sense of belonging: A national perspective. Educational Researcher, 49(2), 134–137. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x19897622
Hernandez, P. R., Hopkins, P. D., Masters, K., Holland, L., Mei, B. M., Richards-Babb, M., Quedado, K., & Shook, N. J. (2018). Student integration into STEM careers and culture: A longitudinal examination of summer faculty mentors and project ownership. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 17(3), ar50. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.18-02-0022
Kapadia, S. J. (2021). Perspectives of a 2nd-year medical student on 'Students as Partners' in higher education — What are the benefits, and how can we manage the power dynamics? Medical Teacher, 43(4), 478–479. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2020.1779922
Matthews, K. E. (2017). Five propositions for genuine students as partners practice. International Journal for Students as Partners, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.15173/ijsap.v1i2.3315
Mercer-Mapstone, L., Dvorakova, S. L., Matthews, K. E., Abbot, S., Cheng, B., Felten, P., Knorr, K., Marquis, E., Shammas, R., & Swaim, K. (2017). A systematic literature review of students as partners in higher education. International Journal for Students as Partners, 1(1), 15–37. https://doi.org/10.15173/ijsap.v1i1.3119
Nuis, W., Segers, M., & Beausaert, S. (2023). Conceptualizing mentoring in higher education: A systematic literature review. Educational Research Review, 41, 100565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2023.100565
RTI International. (2019). First year experience, persistence, and attainment of first-generation college students. FirstGen Forward. https://www.firstgenforward.org/hubfs/FGF Fact Sheets/First-Year Experience, Persistence, and Attainment.pdf
Seery, C., Andres, A., Moore-Cherry, N., & O'Sullivan, S. (2021). Students as partners in peer mentoring: Expectations, experiences and emotions. Innovative Higher Education, 46(6), 663–681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10755-021-09556-8
Suart, C., Harvey, K., Zhu, J., Ali, M., & Cassidy-Neumiller, M. (2023). Students as partners versus students as employees: Division of labour between students, faculty, and staff in the McMaster Student Partners Program. Imagining SoTL, 3(2), 64–88. https://doi.org/10.29173/isotl689
Trujillo, G., Aguinaldo, P. G., Anderson, C., Bustamante, J., Gelsinger, D. R., Pastor, M. J., Wright, J., Márquez-Magaña, L., & Riggs, B. (2015). Near-peer STEM mentoring offers unexpected benefits for mentors from traditionally underrepresented backgrounds. Perspectives on Undergraduate Research and Mentoring: PURM, 4(1). https://www.elon.edu/u/academics/undergraduate-research/purm/wp-content/uploads/sites/923/2019/06/Riggs.GT-et-al-PURM-4.1.pdf
Wilton, M., Katz, D., Clairmont, A., Gonzalez-Nino, E., Foltz, K. R., & Christoffersen, R. E. (2021). Improving academic performance and retention of first-year biology students through a scalable peer mentorship program. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 20(4), ar63. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.21-02-0039
Zaniewski, A. M., & Reinholz, D. (2016). Increasing STEM success: A near-peer mentoring program in the physical sciences. International Journal of STEM Education, 3(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-016-0043-2
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Janni Pedersen, Elaine Scott, Sophia Parmisano, Lindsey China

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process - this applies to the submitted, accepted, and published versions of the manuscript. This can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access).